This is question set #25 of ‘Clear IAS Mains High Value Answer Writing Test Series’. Mains High Value Answer Writing is a UPSC mains oriented program from ClearIAS.com that consists of 5 questions in each post, published around 8 pm every day. Each of the 5 questions are selected from 5 papers mentioned in UPSC Mains syllabus namely Essay, GS1, GS2, GS3 and GS4 (ethics). Selected questions of high probability to be asked UPSC mains are included in each of these mini tests. Aspirants can choose any question they wish to answer in the comment space provided below, specifying the question.
Questions for Answer Writing – Selections for today:
- Essay Paper: Global warming : Who loses and who wins? (1500 words)
- GS 1 Paper: [Culture/Nataraja] – What is the significance of Nataraja pose in Indian culture? How is Abhaya mudra connected to Nataraja? (200 words)
- GS 2 Paper: [Social Justice/Constitutional Provisions] – What are the constitutional provisions in India specifically related to social justice and empowerment? (200 words)
- GS 3 Paper: [Indian Economy/Monetary Aggregates] What are the four main monetary aggregates of measures of money supply which reflect the state of the monetary sector? (100 words)
- GS 4 Paper: [Ethics in Business] What are the implications of doing business without business ethics? Is it only a cost to the customers at the receiving end? (200 words)
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What is the significance of Nataraja pose in Indian culture? How is Abhaya mudra connected to Nataraja?
Ans
Nataraja form is representation of Shiva performing cosmic dance of destruction i.e. Tandava. It came in vogue under Chola rulers when the method of bronze casting form wax casts was perfected. Since then it has enjoyed popularity in Indian culture.
– It stands for Indian traditions for quest of understanding of universal knowledge. It has been installed even in CERN headquarters in Geneva.
– Nataraja etymologically means the king of performers. It has had special reverence among the artists especially dance performers on India.
– It stands for the Indian philosophy of cycle of birth and destruction of universe.
– The pigmy of ignorance being killed by lord Shiva stands for the essential search of knowledge inherent to Indian culture.
– It has been a popular theme with statues, bronze casts and paintings in India for long.
The abhaya mudra of Shiva, with his hand raised in assurance with palms visible to the devotee signify that-
– The lord will protect its devotees.
– The righteous need not fear and must continue on the righteous path.
– Evil will be warded and no harm shall come to true followers.
GS 1 Paper: [Culture/Nataraja] – What is the significance of Nataraja pose in Indian culture? How is Abhaya mudra connected to Nataraja? (200 words)
Ans : nataraj is the dancing form of lord shiva , means the king of dancers . this developed during 9-10 th century in chola period .
this cosmic dance of shiva is known as anandatandava i.e. the dance of bliss . it symbolizes the cosmic cycle of creation and destruction .
5 principle manifestations of eternal energy
– creation
– destruction
– preservation
– salvation
– illusion
significance
1 shiva is shown as the source of all the movements within the cosmos represented by the arch of flames
2 release of the souls of all humans from the illusion
3 the place of dance is the centre of universe and is actually within the heart
abhaya mudra :
meaning fearlessness in sanskrit , is the mudra of the second right hand of shiva in nataraj . it represents as bestowing protection from both evil and ignorance to those who follow the righteousness of dharma
nice answer and good flow of answer .
What are the constitutional provisions in India specifically related to social justice and empowerment?
Ans
The framers of our constitution embedded in the preamble itself their ideals for the nation-
1) A democratic nation with socialist ideals.
2) Justice- social, economic and political and equality of status and opportunity were the future aims for the society.
Keeping these in mind, under the fundamental rights following were included-
1) Right to quality; art 14 to 18
2) Untouchability was abolished; art 17
3) Right against exploitation; 23,24
4) Protection to minorities; art 26-30
Under DPSPs following were included for providing social justice and empowerment-
1) Art 40; setting up of gram panchayat
2) Art 45; free and compulsory education
3) Art 46;welfare of interests of backward communities
4) Art 47; raising nutrition levels and ensuring basic standards of living.
Specific provisions related to social justice and empowerment-
1) First amendment backed reservations to backward communities and land reforms. Art 15 (3) and (4), art 330 and 332.
2) Implementation of Panchayat raj.
3) Setting up of commission for SCs, STs, minorities, children and women.
4) Women empowerment acts like- Equal wages act 1976, anti-dowry act 1961, prohibition of child marriage act 2006.
5) Right to education act 2009.
6) Art 244; provision for scheduled and tribal areas,
7) Panchayat extension to scheduled areas 1996
8) Art 164; minister of tribal welfare for certain states.
9) Art 335; consideration to claims of tribal in positions.
10) Art 371; special provisions for tribals in certain states.
GS 1 Paper: [Culture/Nataraja] – What is the significance of Nataraja pose in Indian culture? How is Abhaya mudra connected to Nataraja? (200 words)
Nataraja is the dancing form of Lord Shiva which originated during Chola period. It became the supreme statement of Hindu art.
– Shiva is shown as the source of all movement within the cosmos
– It expresses the rhythm and harmony of life
– triumph over illusion and ignorance
– Gesture to be without fear
– represents endless cycle of birth and death
– symbolic of Shiva’s omniscience, insight, and enlightenment
– firmly stressing upon the dwarf of ignorance and allowing the birth of knowledge.
– statue of the dancing Shiva at CERN that unifies ancient mythology, religious art and modern physics.
The lower right hand of Nataraja shows the abhaya mudra which means “fearlessness” in Sanskrit. It asserts one to be without fear. The blessing is believed to bestow protection from both evil and ignorance to those who follow the righteousness of dharma.
Avi …great answer
a perfect answer…few additions :
Art 39A Equal justice and free legal aid
Division of legislative & executive powers between the Union & the States (may be included)
Q1 Global warming: Who Loses and who wins
The rise in temperature on global level due to increase in amount of carbon dioxide globally is known as global warming. The content of CO2 in the atmosphere is approx .003% . there is huge concern about it now a days to save the planet earth. Is it enough to merely concern the matter will save the planet earth?
Now the question that strikes in our mind is that how a gas with only a minute amount proves to be so harmful for us? Who is to be blamed for and only blaming is it correct? The main cause for its increase is human as well as natural activities. The highly developed countries every time pressurize the poor and developing countries to reduce the carbon emission. But they neglect their emission. The maximum carbon is emitted by the developed countries on name of developing new weapons and technologies. For their testing they conduct various test which in turn results in carbon emission. Recently a report released by the UN shows the carbon emission details throughout the globe. It clearly remarked a great concern and immediate steps to be taken by the world to save not only the planet earth but also to control the devastating consequences of global warming.
From the global warming, who wins or who lose? Infact the developed countries have their hand above in emitting the carbon emission from their nuclear reactors, tests of various weapons, industries etc.it is the loss of the poor countries who have abundant natural resources but unable to utilize them due to lack of awareness and modern technologies. They have sufficient to eat but cant eat due to ignorance and the developed countries exploit their resources and becoming rich. But the third world countries remains poor as it was before.
GS 3 Paper: [Indian Economy/Monetary Aggregates] What are the four main monetary aggregates of measures of money supply which reflect the state of the monetary sector? (100 words)
The four main monetary aggregates of measures of money supply which reflect the state of the monetary sector are:
M1 = Currency held by public + Net demand deposits held by commercial banks
M2 = M1 + Savings deposits with Post Office savings banks
M3 = M1 + Net time deposits of commercial banks
M4 = M3 + Total deposits with Post Office savings organisations (excluding National Savings Certificates)
M1 and M2 are known as narrow money. M3 and M4 are known as broad money. M1 is most liquid and easiest for transactions whereas M4 is least liquid of all.
Q2 GS 1..
The natraja pose of the deity shiva is very much respected among the hindus especially. It depicts the dance of Lord Shiva for destruction. Being the God of destruction, when there is climax of cruelty, hatred and other ill feelings among the people, he dances for the destruction. And brings about a fresh beginning to all. This is sometimes known as the change of yuga i.e. from Kaliyug to Satyug as per the Vedas sayings.
It depicts the survival of the religious.
The Natraja statue was made during Chola period in Southern India. Chola empire was well known for its Shiva worship. They made a number of temples pertaining to various forms of Lord Shiva.
The Natraj Statue also ends the behest of universal knowledge.
It is also find its place in CERN headquarters ,Geneva.
It also poses that those who are innocent will be left while those who are found wrong will be punished severely.
Abhayadan is said to be the protection of the religious people and the follower of god against the injustice of other people.
GS 4 Paper: [Ethics in Business] What are the implications of doing business without business ethics? Is it only a cost to the customers at the receiving end? (200 words)
The customer is regarded as king of the market. The implications of doing business without business ethics could result in the following implications or simply swipe away the entire business.
– losing of customer base or clients
– bad publicity and breakdown of trust
– large number of complains registered on consumer forum
– Negative effect on top and bottom line of company
– Ponzi schemes, fiasco like NSEL and Saradha could deter the growth of the sector
– Public getting diverted from other financial investment options to safe fixed deposits option
– low tourism in country due to looting of innocent foreigners by auto, taxi drivers, shopkeepers and sexual assaults against women tourists
– Losing middle class buyers in real estate segment due to delay in construction and occupancy time, use of black money
– Not reading contracts properly or hidden clauses lead to long judicial battle
Its no doubt that the customers at the receiving end has to pay a huge cost.The dissatisfied customer feels their trust and confidence is broken down. Also the voice of customers in various forums and consumer courts is sometimes unheard. In the long run, doing business without ethics brings a bad name to the country. The business suffers to maintain itself in the globalized environment. Today the world is connected through social media which all the more dampens the growth of business in the country.
few more points reg significance of pose could be added like insight, enlightenment, illusion and ignorance triumph
I wanted to add a few more, like welfare for elderly. but when I cross 200 word mark! my brain starts flickering 😛 but yes. for mains one may not remember all these points! ill remember “free legal aid”… very good point!
Thanks for encouragement!
Suggestion to Clear IAS Team and my fellow aspirants:
@ web page layout :
we can have a comment box below every question ,so that all can put their comments under specific question and can move ahead..
at EOD team can give comment on “what points need to be included in answer”(this can prevent team to give comment to every aspirant)
i believe each aspirant can understand what point he/she have miss in the answer
(few guidelines can be given by team on “how to write answer for “evaluate,discuss,critically examine etc etc”
like ur suggestions alpha. I will incorporate them in the answer. Evaluate the essay part also.
Plz tell is the sequence of facts or order is correct.
I want to add some points related to nataraja:
# it shows enlightment ,removing all the illusion and ignorance and fill the person with rejoices state of true happiness and improvement.
# Recently Australian premier Tony Abott returned the statue of Natraja to PM Narendra Modi during his visit to India which is of Chola period.
@Avi Really good one. Agree with the 200 words and seven minutes limit. just one more important point ….”Equality with positive discrimination for empowerment of weaker section.
A query to know how one can check the previous answers uploaded by other aspirants as the given space allows only some answers to be seen.
A suggestion also: Plz speed up the evaluation of the previous test series questions of those aspirants who joined the platform late and now wright their answers.
: Upload the model answer of the questions also.
It is a great platform for all aspirants to check their answers and improve their writing skills. time wastage is highly reduced and a best opportunity to be adjudged by the experts.
Thanks team clearias…..hats off to you.
Sandeep a few observations – your essay revolved around developed and developing countries only. Try to access few more angles :
– in addition to CO2 , mention abt GHGs also
– Some history – like Harappa civilization decline , stage set for Industrial revolution
– How the landmass at high latitudes would become valuable
– Global warming – displacement of people, nations encroaching others territories
– Plight of small island nations
– Real estate sector in coastal lands- how it will suffer?
– What of the oil and other resources under water?
– Impact on agriculture, cropping pattern, freshwater supplies
– Economic turmoil
– Adaptation
– Remedies
connected to Nataraja? (200 words)
Answer
Natraj pose gained prominence during the çhola dynasty reign.It depicts lord Shiva as king of Natraj.Natraj is considered as one of the most visually dramatic and culturally significant form of the supreme being in Hinduism.
Natraj pose depicts five divine activities or panchkriya –
1) Sristhi ( Creation )
2) Sthithi ( Preservation )
3) Samhara ( Destruction )
4) Triobhava (illusion )
5) Anugraha ( grace or salvation )
It is a dual statement of stillness and motion . The static sculpture represent intense activities of Lord Shiva . The stoic face of Lord Shiva represent his composure and neutrality, unaffected and above all.
Abhya mudra or pose , which literally means fear not , is indicated by lower right hand.It signifies the gesture of grace and protection to righteous soul.
To sumup , it can be concluded that Natraj pose therefore illustrate intricate balance of the forces of creation and destruction in the universe.
thanks alpha…i got ur point. improve it soon.
GS 3 Paper: [Indian Economy/Monetary Aggregates] What are the four main monetary aggregates of measures of money supply which reflect the state of the monetary sector? (100 words)
Following the recommendation of the Second Working Group on Money Supply (SWG), RBI published four monetary aggregates:
M1 (Money-1): Currency in circulation + Banker’s deposits with the RBI + Other deposit with the RBI.
M2 (Money-2): M1+ Demand deposits of the post offices
M3 (Money 3): M1 + Time deposits with the Banking system
M4 (Money 4): M3 + all the deposits with the Post Office Saving Banks (excluding National Saving Certificates).
[Culture/Nataraja] – What is the significance of Nataraja pose in Indian culture? How is Abhaya mudra connected to Nataraja? (200 words)
Nataraja etymologically means the king of performers. Nataraja form is representation of Shiva performing cosmic dance of destruction i.e. Tandava. It came in vogue under Chola rulers during 9th – 10th century. Chola Empire was well known for its Shiva worship. They made a number of temples pertaining to various forms of Lord Shiva. Nataraja etymologically means the king of performers.
Significance:
• It has had special reverence among the artists especially dance performers on India.
• It stands for the Indian philosophy of cycle of birth and destruction of universe.
• The place of dance is the centre of universe and is actually within the heart.
• Symbolic of Shiva’s omniscience, insight, and enlightenment.
• Being the God of destruction, when there is climax of cruelty, hatred and other ill feelings among the people, he dances for the destruction
Abhay in Sanskrit means fearlessness. The abhaya mudra of Shiva, with his second right hand rose in assurance with palms visible to the devotee signify that-
– The lord will protect its devotees.
– The righteous need not fear and must continue on the righteous path.
– Evil will be warded off and no harm shall come to true followers.
Credit goes to Abhi. Dhillonz, Alpa as I found all the relevant points in your answers itself. This is what the power of union. single finger is weak nut when all the fingers get combined then forms fist.
Many a times a people start business without caring about the ethics it demands. They get engaged in short term benefits so much so that it puts down in future and finally the business collapses but still they give credit of such collapse to their destiny; generally but not always be the case. Here are some of the implications of not doing business without business ethics:
• Loss of customer, definitely.
• Loss to customer.
• It sends negative message to the public about such firm and thus results in defamation.
• If such firm has national coverage or is an MNC then it ultimately sends negative sentiments of the nation to which it belongs.
• Loss to the country of its origin ranges from tourism to investment.
Ultimately customer has to suffer but in most of the cases the employers of the firm gets a big jolt and to some extent the firm owner. The employees who just got unemployed failed to get the job due to multiple reasons. They got depressed or sometimes cross the extant, choose to suicide as the soft option. The firm owner for a while gets stressed but he can recover or switch to other business. Moreover, bad fame to a firm brings bad name to the country it originally belongs.
GS 4 Paper: [Ethics in Business] What are the implications of doing business without business ethics? Is it only a cost to the customers at the receiving end? (200 words)
Global warming : Who loses and who wins?
Ans
Introduction-
-rising temperatures, sea levels, irate weather patterns
Potential threats-
Loss of habitat,
reducing farm productivity,
changing flora and fauna,
expansion of deserts
more destructive storms
large scale migrations
loss of glaciers
Expected advantages-
Opening of arctic shipping route
Oil exploration in arctic and Antarctic regions.
Suitability of permafrost region for agriculture.
Efforts to stem global warming-
Economic interests of developing nations
Shrugging responsibility of developed nations
Non-clarity on sharing of cost.
Hesitance in sharing technology needed
Ending-
Losses for humanity far outweigh the wins.