This is question set #9 of ‘ClearIAS UPSC CSE 2016 Mains 30-day Answer Writing Program (AWP)’. AWP is a UPSC mains oriented program from ClearIAS.com that consists of 5 questions in each post, published (around 8 pm) every day. Each of the 5 questions are selected from 5 papers mentioned in UPSC Mains syllabus namely Essay, GS1, GS2, GS3 and GS4 (ethics). Browse archives here.
Questions for Answer Writing – Selections for today:
- Essay Paper: Our common future. (1000-1200 words – 125 marks)
- GS 1 Paper: Analyse the factors responsible for the location of tertiary industries in India. (200 words – 12.5 marks)
- GS 2 Paper: The greatest enemy of India’s judiciary isn’t the government but its own secretive system. Discuss. (200 words – 12.5 marks)
- GS 3 Paper: Analyse why defense sector didn’t replicate the Indian success stories in Space, Nuclear or IT sectors. (200 words – 12.5 marks)
- GS 4 Paper: Can emotional intelligence be applied in administration and governance? Discuss with examples. (150 words – 10 marks)
Marking Scheme
We have revised our marking scheme for our model tests, taking into account the latest trends in UPSC evaluation. Always keep in mind that content of the answer is more important than its length. Credit will be given to the grasp of the question, to the point answer, brevity, knowledge, clarity of expression etc.
Considering that toppers score 380-420 marks in GS papers out of 1000, we consider 40% marks for any answer as ‘above average’. The GS marks of AIR1 for last 3 years is: Gaurav Agrawal (2013) -338/1000; Ira Singhal (2014) – 455/1000; Tina Dabi (2015) – 424/1000. Please have a look at our marking scheme for the 30-day AWP for 2016 Mains.
- 0-19% – Not satisfactory.
- 20%-29% – Needs improvement.
- 30%-39% – Good answer.
- 40%-49% – Above Average Answer.
- 50%-59% – Excellent Answer.
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Sir,it would be really nice if along with the questions even the link to articles concerning the qn is also mentioned.this will significantly help if there is a resource crunch.
Q4.
“For a nation to be strong its defence should be strong”
-Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Defence sector is one of the most important sector of any country given the increasing hostilities between nations and rapid improvement in technologies used.
REASONS FOR SUCCESS OF NUCLEAR, SPACE AND IT SECTORS
1. Greater focus on reverse engineering of imported products
2. In fields such as space or IT there is no technology denial which drives progress in that sector.
REASONS FOR SLOW GROWTH OF DEFENCE SECTOR
1. Lack of investment and infrastructure
2. Lack of willingness : For decades we have been importing foreign fighter aircraft shared technology but are still far from developing on our own.
3. Even after LPG, due to red tape, delay and other factors investors are not willing to invest.
4. Denial in sharing technology by Advanced countries
5. Lack of private sector participation and indigenousation
6. No strict policy regulations and sufficient incentives
7. Uninterrupted imports from foreign countries
8. Organisations involved in defence manufacturing as HAL, DRDO need holistic reforms in terms of autonomy, resources and R&D
9. Critical parts like engines are still imported with domestic efforts (eg Kaveri engine of Tejas aircraft) mired in confusions and controversies
10. Scams unearthed in defence procurement has hardly led to better policies.
11. Ambiguous defence procurement policy
12. India’s defence budget is hardly 2% of GDP of which very little remains with R&D in Defence
RECENT STEPS TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT
1. Indigenously Designed Developed and Manufacture (IDDM) under Make in India
2. Liberalization of defence sector
SUGGESTED MEASURES
1. Encourage spending on research and development
2. Strong collaborations with other countries enabling technology transfer
3. private sector involvement and domestic manufacture of critical components
4. Offset policy should be tweaked for promoting MSMEs.
These measures coupled with political will and bureaucratic cooperation will eliminate the paradox.
Hi, good attempt but your suggested measures in point 3,4 have already been addressed in defence policy 2016.
Analyse the factors responsible for the location of tertiary industries in India.
Ans- Tertiary sector like any other sector have certain specific requirements which includes location,workforce,infrastructure etc. In India where this sector contributes more than 50% of the GDP,it becomes essential to focus on the growth and smooth functioning of this sector
– The importance of wide area of land and land acquisition problem is quite less in this sector as its operation can be carried out in multi storey buildings which requires advance architecture and strong civil engineering
– Tertiary sector is all about availability of skilled,educated and fluent english speaking people which India has a lot and that too at low cost
– Transportation and connectivity is a important factor in this sector. Improved road and rail connectivity penetrating to the villages will provide a stimulus
With the increase in e commerce,banking,education etc the role of tertiary sector is increasing day by day. Although there are certain grievances which need to be addressed such as low income,late night work,safety of staff specially women. India being a prominent name in this sector should look into the opportunity this sector offers for the growth of Indian economy and create a environment that can produce effective results
Q 3- The greatest enemy of India’s judiciary isn’t the government but its own secretive system. Discuss.
Ans-Indian judiciary is rightly said the most powerful judicial setup in the world and with power comes responsibility which if not in the right hands can lead to problems. As far as the secretive system is considered there are various reasons for it
1-Lack of transparency – The most important being that like our political parties our judiciary also dose not come in the ambit of RTI. In response to a petition the Supreme Court stated though not in the same manner that RTI cannot be used as a instrument to point out the misconduct in the judiciary
2-Fear of contempt of court – Under article 121 of the Constitution the Parliament cannot discuss the conduct of a judge except when it is the question of removal of a judge. The media also do not give a clear picture due to the fear of contempt of court
3- Corruption in Judiciary – Indian judicial system like any other institution in the world suffers from corruption. There has been various instance of nepotism in promotion of judges. Judgement based on the influence of money power and not on facts and moral has been a subject of criticism and to aggravate that there is no provision of an FIR against a judge taking bribes without taking the permission of CJI
4- Minimal interaction with the society – The indian judicial system has negligible connection with the society,something which is a British legacy . Even today a common man hesitate a lot to go to the court for his rights because of the uncertainty and hardship he may face by getting himself involved in the judicial set up
Yes the judiciary has certain flaws which always will be but these flaws can be minimised and for that the government and the judiciary must cooperate together to improve the system. Still the importance and contribution of judiciary in India is commendable and has played a key role in the proper functioning of society and is only a matter of time and some reforms that will result in a much better judicial setup
Good answer. But certain other aspects can be touched too. The general perception that executive (government) as enemy of Judiciary – even though not correct always – may be hinted. Details of the secretive system can be better explain. You could have mentioned the collegium too.
Marks: 40%
Q 5-Can emotional intelligence be applied in administration and governance? Discuss with examples.
Ans- Both governance and administration is necessary for individual,society and for the government as well. In a full proven setup where there are specific provision for every kind of urgency, medical emergency, special cell for differently able emotional intelligence will not be required. But this kind of ideal mechanism is quite difficult practically. So it is not unwise to say that for good governance and administration one needs to have emotional intelligence to a certain degree.
For example an elderly man in his 90s waiting to receive his pension is unable to stand in a queue not because he doesn’t want to but only due to his health problems wouldn’t it will be wise to attend him and others like him first if and only if there are no specific arrangements for them.
There can be numerous examples like these and yes the established rules and procedures must always be respected but it should also be remembered that these rules are made for the betterment of society as a whole and in a diverse society as India there will be certain exceptional instance when a govt servant should follow the motive behind these rules and not explicitly the rules. In situation like this the role of that govt. serant becomes decisive because of 2 reasons
1- He has to act in his discretion
2- The nobility of his position should be maintained and in the name of emotional intelligence one should not try to use this for his gains.
Hence it is true that governance and administration should be in such a way that there is no need for emotional intelligence but until such a state is achieved the needy should not be made to suffer in a bureaucratic web.
Q2.Analyse the factors responsible for the location of tertiary industries in India. (200 words – 12.5 marks).
Ans.Tertiary sector of economy includes knowledge economy,service sector,tourism industry,etc.Factors responsible for the location of tertiary industries in India are-
1.Infrastructure-is most important aspect influencing location of tertiary sector.For instance-gurgaon,hyderabad,chennai have environment suitable for service sector industries.
2.Government policies-includes ease of doing business,single window clearance,etc.
3.Skilled manpower is other influencing factor.Recent launch of skill india and make in india programme will ensure conducible environment for tertiary sector.
4.Juidiciary system is another prominent institution attracting tertiary sector.If judicial system is transparent,fair and fast it can ensure more attraction for service industries.