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Ramsar sites (Wetlands) in India: Memorize faster

Filed Under: Environment Notes

A wetland is a place where the land is covered by water. Marshes, ponds, the edge of a lake/ocean, the delta at the mouth of a river, low-lying areas that frequently flood — all of these are wetlands. Wetlands of international importance are also known as Ramsar sites.

Why wetlands are called ‘Ramsar sites’?

Ramsar sites in India

Ramsar is a city in Iran. In 1971, an international treaty for conservation and sustainable use of wetlands was signed at Ramsar. The Convention’s mission is “the conservation and wise use of all wetlands through local and national actions and international cooperation, as a contribution towards achieving sustainable development throughout the world”.

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More than 2200 wetlands of international importance!

  • Today, the Ramsar List is the world’s largest network of protected areas.
  • There are currently over 2,200 Ramsar Sites around the world. They cover over 2.1 million square kilometres, an area larger than Mexico.
  • The world’s first Site was the Cobourg Peninsula in Australia, designated in 1974.
  • The largest Sites are Ngiri-Tumba-Maindombe in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Queen Maud Gulf in Canada; these Sites each cover over 60,000 square kilometres.
  • The countries with the most Sites are the United Kingdom with 170 and Mexico with 142.
  • Bolivia has the largest area with 148,000 km2 under Ramsar protection.

Ramsar sites in India - State-wise compilation - ClearIAS

Ramsar sites (Wetlands) in India: State-wise compilation

Sl. No. Wetland name State
1. Kolleru Lake Andhra Pradesh
2. Deepor Beel Assam
3. Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary Gujarat
4. Chandertal Wetland  

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Himachal Pradesh

5. Pong Dam Lake
6. Renuka Wetland
7. Hokera Wetland  

 

 

Jammu & Kashmir

8. Surinsar-Mansar Lakes
9. Tsomoriri
10. Wular Lake
11. Ashtamudi Wetland  

 

Kerala

12. Sasthamkotta Lake
13. Vembanad-Kol Wetland
14. Bhoj Wetland Madhya Pradesh
15. Loktak Lake* Manipur
16. Bhitarkanika Mangroves  

Orissa

17. Chilika Lake
18. Harike Lake  

 

Punjab

19. Kanjli
20. Ropar
21. Sambhar Lake  

Rajasthan

22. Keoladeo National Park*
23. Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary Tamil Nadu
24. Rudrasagar Lake Tripura
25. Upper Ganga River (Brijghat to Narora Stretch)  Uttar Pradesh
26. East Calcutta Wetlands West Bengal

*Both sites are included in Montreux Record.

Three pillars of Ramsar Convention

Ramsar sites around the world

Under the “three pillars” of the Convention, the Contracting Parties commit to:

  1. work towards the wise use of all their wetlands;
  2. designate suitable wetlands for the list of Wetlands of International Importance (the “Ramsar List”) and ensure their effective management;
  3. cooperate internationally on transboundary wetlands, shared wetland systems and shared species.

The Montreux Record

The Montreux Record is a register of wetland sites on the List of Wetlands of International Importance where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur as a result of technological developments, pollution or other human interference. It is maintained as part of the Ramsar List.

Interesting facts about Ramsar Convention/Sites

  • The number of contracting parties is 169.
  • At the time of joining the Convention, each Contracting Party undertakes to designate at least one wetland site for inclusion in theList of Wetlands of International Importance.
  • The inclusion of a “Ramsar Site” in the List embodies the government’s commitment to take the steps necessary to ensure that its ecological character is maintained.
  • Wetlands included in the List acquire a new national and international status: they are recognized as being of significant value not only for the country or the countries in which they are located, but for humanity as a whole.
  • There are nine criteria for identifying wetlands of international importance.
  • There are six Ramsar regions.
  • The 2nd of February each year is World Wetlands Day, marking the date of the adoption of the Convention on Wetlands on 2 February 1971.
  • The Ramsar Sites Information Service (RSIS) is a searchable database which provides information on each Ramsar Site.
  • The Ramsar Convention works closely with six other organisations known as International Organization Partners (IOPs). These are:
    • Birdlife International.
    • International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
    • International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
    • Wetlands International.
    • WWF International.
    • Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust (WWT).

Compiled by: Yuvaalex

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Reader Interactions

Comments

  1. rajashrerr says

    May 22, 2016 at 1:41 pm

    Thank you sir…..very nice article.

    Reply
  2. Anilkumar says

    May 23, 2016 at 12:00 am

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    Reply
    • ClearIAS.com says

      May 23, 2016 at 12:49 pm

      The free online study materials for UPSC CSE published by ClearIAS are not exhaustive. You need to supplement the same with UPSC exam preparation books, newspapers, NCERT books etc. To boost your marks for UPSC Prelims, we advise you all to enroll for ClearIAS Prelims test series, which offers high-quality questions and all-India test-platform. We prepare free notes on the most important topics for IAS exam, and these notes are updated as per the latest syllabus of UPSC. We hope our study-materials to give your right direction and will help you to understand difficult concepts faster.

      Reply
  3. anant says

    October 30, 2016 at 11:15 pm

    Easy to remember. Thanks

    Reply
  4. ubaid aadil says

    March 26, 2017 at 11:45 am

    its not hokera its hokersar wetland in jammu and kashmir

    Reply
  5. Basu says

    April 24, 2017 at 9:38 pm

    Nice Article sir….thank you clear ias

    Reply
  6. dhiraj says

    June 29, 2017 at 5:32 pm

    Superb information ! Great work !

    Reply
  7. Bharathi m says

    February 24, 2019 at 4:19 pm

    Tqq sir

    Reply
  8. Vijay jangra says

    April 25, 2019 at 7:02 am

    Thanku sir ji

    Reply
  9. Aparna K Saju says

    June 24, 2019 at 7:32 pm

    Thank you sir.. It was very informative…Thank you for the service 👍😊👏

    Reply
  10. Laxmi behera says

    November 4, 2019 at 5:07 pm

    This article was very memorable

    Reply

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